Challenges to and Restoration of the Congress System – NCERT Class XII Political Science, Politics in India since Independence, Chapter 5

This chapter covers the political transition after Nehru’s death, the rise of Indira Gandhi, and the challenges faced by the Congress party in the 1960s and 1970s. It discusses political opposition, party splits, electoral challenges, the role of the Syndicate, the 1969 split in Congress, Indira Gandhi’s efforts in restoring the party’s dominance, and the new social coalitions formed under her leadership.

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