Solutions – Interactive Quiz & Cheatsheet
Explore solution properties, concentration terms, and colligative properties through a quick, interactive quiz
Updated: 10 months ago
Solutions Cheatsheet
Cheat Codes & Shortcuts
- Solution: Homogeneous mixture of solute(s) in solvent.
- Solute: Substance dissolved in solvent.
- Solvent: Substance in greatest amount, does the dissolving.
- Molarity (\( M \)): Moles of solute/liter of solution.
- Molality (\( m \)): Moles of solute/kg of solvent.
- Normality (\( N \)): Equivalents of solute/liter of solution.
- Mass %: \( \frac{\text{Mass of solute}}{\text{Mass of solution}} \times 100 \)
- ppm: Parts per million.
- Henry’s Law: \( p = k_H x \) – gas solubility proportional to partial pressure.
- Raoult’s Law: Vapor pressure lowering relates to solute mole fraction.
Quick Reference Table
| Term | Formula / Description | Example / Note |
|---|---|---|
| Molarity | \( M = \frac{\text{moles of solute}}{\text{volume of solution in L}} \) | 1M NaCl: 1 mole NaCl in 1L solution |
| Molality | \( m = \frac{\text{moles of solute}}{\text{kg of solvent}} \) | 1m NaCl: 1 mole NaCl in 1kg solvent |
| Mass % | \( \frac{\text{mass of solute}}{\text{mass of solution}} \times 100 \) | 10g NaCl in 90g H2O = 10% |
| ppm | \( \frac{\text{mass of solute}}{\text{mass of solution}} \times 10^6 \) | 1 ppm = 1mg/L water |
| Raoult's Law | \( p_{solvent} = p^0_{solvent} x_{solvent} \) | Lowering vapor pressure in solution |
| Henry's Law | \( p = k_H x \) | Solubility of CO2 in soda |
Advice
Step 1: Choose the concentration unit: molarity, molality, % or ppm.
Step 2: Always use proper units (L for molarity, kg for molality).
Step 3: For gases, use Henry’s Law to relate pressure and solubility.
Step 4: Raoult’s Law helps find vapor pressure and freezing/boiling point change.
Step 5: For dilution: \( M_1 V_1 = M_2 V_2 \).
Solutions Quick Tips
- Convert: g to mol using molar mass, mL to L dividing by 1,000.
- For dilute solutions: Molarity ≈ molality.
- Raoult’s Law: Applies best to ideal solutions.
- Henry’s Law: Higher pressure increases gas solubility in liquid.
- Dilution: Use \( M_1 V_1 = M_2 V_2 \) for mixing.
Solutions Speed Quiz
Test your speed with 5 solutions questions! You have 30 seconds per question.
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